Turkey’s Pistachio Exports to China Expected To Grow

At the recent 2024 China International Tree Nuts Conference, held in Hangzhou on Aug. 6–9, Yasir Aydin, vice president of Turkish nut exporter Aydin Kuruyemis, delivered a speech on Turkey’s pistachio sector and his expectations for the Chinese market.

Turkey is a major producer and exporter of pistachios. According to data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Foreign Agricultural Service, Turkey was the world’s second-largest producer of the nut in 2023/24 with a total output of 160,000 metric tons, surpassing Iran (150,000 metric tons) and trailing only the United States (677,095 metric tons). Two popular types of pistachios grown in Turkey are Antep and Siirt. Antep pistachios are known for their intense flavor, while Siirt pistachios are typically larger.

The pistachio kernels are classified into three main types depending on their color. Extra green pistachios are usually harvested in the first half of August while still immature, leading to a dark green color and a strong flavor. These are mainly used in a powdered form as a baking ingredient and for decorating sweets. Rose pistachios possess a green color inside and a pink color outside and feature a unique taste and smell. These are often used in the sweet industry to prepare items such as baklava, cakes and cookies. Red pistachios are the mature form, typically harvested at the beginning of September, and they are often processed into a paste for use in the manufacture of ice cream and chocolate. These are also consumed as a snack and in mixed nut products.

According to data presented by Aydin, Turkey’s number of pistachio trees and planted area have both been growing steadily over the last decade, with an estimated planted area of approximately 440,000 hectares in 2024. This year’s total production is forecast to reach 400,000 metric tons, more than double the 176,000 metric tons registered in 2023. Meanwhile, exports have fluctuated in recent years, with a total of 13,985 metric tons (in-shell equivalents) shipped to global markets in 2022/23.

According to Aydin, there has recently been a rapid rise in the global consumption of pistachio paste and pistachio butter. He believes that there is also great potential for these products on the Chinese market owing to their rich aroma, high quality and purported health benefits.

At the end of his speech, Aydin explained that Turkish pistachios are becoming more popular and well known among Chinese consumers. In seasons when prices are competitive, China accounts for more than 20% of Turkey’s total pistachio exports. Considering China’s huge potential, he expects that Turkish pistachio shipments to China will increase in the coming season.

Images: Yasir Aydin, 2024 China International Tree Nuts Conference